Interesting and Cool Facts About Human's DNA

It's really fun, useful and interesting to found out Facts about our  DNA.

So continue reading below :

1. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid.
2. DNA is part of our definition of a living organism and DNA is found in all living things.
3. DNA was first isolated in 1869 by Friedrich Miescher. Then James Watson and Francis Crick figured out the structure of DNA.
4. Almost all the cells in our body have DNA with the exception of red blood cells.
5. A parent and child share 99.5% of the same DNA.
6. You have 98% of your DNA in common with a chimpanzee.
7. If you could type 60 words per minute, eight hours a day, it would take approximately 50 years to type the human genome.
8. If you put all the DNA molecules in your body end to end, the DNA would reach from the Earth to the Sun and back over 600 times (100 trillion times six feet divided by 92 million miles).
9. Humans and cabbage share about 40-50% common DNA.
10. Humans have at least 30,000 genes but Goldfish have more genes than humans do.
11. DNA is the “blueprint” of life.
12. Every human being shares 99% of their DNA with every other human.
13. Our entire DNA sequence is called a genome and there’s an estimated 3 billion DNA bases in our genome.
14. Changes in the DNA sequence are called mutations, Many thing can cause mutations, including UV irradiation from the sun, chemicals like drugs, etc. Mutations can involve more than one DNA base, Mutations can involve entire segments of chromosomes.
15. Even though it codes for all the information that makes up an organism, DNA is built using only four building blocks, the nucleotides adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine.
16. Your gender and physical characteristics are determined by your DNA.
17. The DNA ladder usually twists to the right.
18. One million bases (called a megabase and abbreviated Mb) of DNA sequence data is roughly equivalent to 1 megabyte of computer data storage space.
19. If you unwrap all the DNA you have in all your cells, you could reach the moon 6000 times!
20. DNA tests can help you understand your risk of disease.
21. A DNA mutation or variation may be associated with a higher risk of a number of diseases, including breast cancer.
22. DNA tests can help you understand your family history aka genetic genealogy.
23. Genes are made of DNA.
24. Genes are pieces of DNA passed from parent to offspring that contain hereditary information.
25. DNA is affected by the environment; environmental factors can turn genes on and off.
26. DNA is used in identify victims of accidents or crime.
27. DNA is used to exonerate innocent people who’ve been wrongly convicted.
28. Many countries, including the US and UK, maintain a DNA database of convicted criminals.
29. DNA can be extracted from many different types of samples: blood, cheek cells, urine.
30. DNA can be stored either as cells on a cotton swab, buccal brush, or frozen blood or in extracted form.
31. In forensics, DNA analysis usually looks at 13 specific DNA markers (segments of DNA).
32. Our sex cells–eggs and sperm–have only half of our total DNA.
33. Lists about DNA can get a little boring.

Source :

http://chemistry.about.com/od/lecturenoteslab1/a/10-Interesting-Dna-Facts.htm

http://www.eyeondna.com/2007/08/20/100-facts-about-dna/ 

10 Famous Myth Creature You Should You Know

You might already heard, read stories or wacth movies about mythical creatures – either from ancient Greek stories or more modern tales. For example, you could see a dragons in Harry Potter movies or unicorn in Percy's Jackson movie. One thing for sure this myth creature it's not exist in real life. Isn't scary if above our roof there's a big dragon flying or in the way home we met a groups of unicorns talking and say hi to us...hiiiyy, no thanks. Bellow, you'll find list of the most well known mythical creatures according to Unique Daily Tips :

1. Dragon

The dragon is a legendary creature that appears in the myths of many cultures. Dragons are generally shown as reptilian, lizard-like with two pairs of legs and long tail. They are sometimes drawn with huge yellow or red eyes. They sometimes have spines along their back. Centuries ago dragons were drawn as very small, often smaller than people, but as the stories grew, so did the dragons. Dragons often have a special importance and in some cultures are regarded with reverence and respect. They are often regarded as being very wise, and very long-lived. They are considered to be magic. Most commonly known today are the European and the Asian dragons.

2. Unicorn

The unicorn is usually shown as a horse with a long single horn on its head, but it originally had a billy-goat beard, lion’s tail and cloven hooves. The unicorn is virtually the only creature in legend which did not come from human fears and was, in fact, a rather gentle creature. It was considered impossible to capture a unicorn except by using unfair methods. The horn was said to be able to neutralise poison. The unicorn first came to be known during the Indus Valley Civilization (3300–1700 BC).

3. Mermaid

The mermaid is a mythological aquatic creature with a female human head and torso and the tail of a fish. This creature has been discussed since at least 5000 BC. It is highly possible that manatees or dugongs may have been confused for these creatures and even Christopher Columbus claimed to have seen some on his journeys. In British folklore they are considered to be a forewarning of doom or disaster.

4. Phoenix

The phoenix is a mythical firebird from Ancient Egypt which is portrayed as a bird that dies in fire and is reborn of it. It is normally portrayed as having gold and red feathers. At the end of its life, a phoenix is said to build a nest of cinnamon twigs which it then ignites. The bird is destroyed in the fire but a new young phoenix is born from the same fire. It was believed to have a life span of 500 – 1461 years (depending on who you ask). Its tears were thought to heal wounds.

5. Giant

“Giant” is the English word to describe monsters of great strength and size but human form. They appear in the Bible (in the story of King David and Goliath). In mythology they are frequently seen to be in conflict with the gods and are generally considered to be associated with chaos and wild nature. They were seen as early as the Ancient Greek culture where they were known as gigantes – creatures born from Gaia who was fertilised by the blood of Uranus when he was castrated.

6. Cyclops

A Cyclops is a member of a primordial race of giants, each with a single round eye in the middle of its forehead. Cyclopes are described by both Homer and Hesiod. According to Hesiod, the Cyclopes-Brontes, Steropes and Arges, were the sons of Uranus (Sky) and Gaia (Earth), while according to Homer the term “Cyclops” refers to a particular son of Poseidon and Thoosa named Polyphemus who was a Cyclops.

7. Medusa

In Greek mythology Medusa (guardian,protectress) was a monster , a Gorgon, generally described as having the face of a hideous human female with living venomous snakes in place of hair. Gazing directly into her eyes would turn onlookers to stone.

8. Pegasus

Pegasus is the beautiful flying horse of mythology. Pegasus was a white horse with wings, sometimes depicted as a unicorn, a single, spiraling horn that protruded from the forehead of Pegasus; on the other hand, most depictions of Pegasus did not show the horse as a unicorn. Pegasus has also been regarded as "the power of the creative spirit in all of us. He is the symbol of the Muses, of inspiration and of the beauty we bring to our life and the lives of others."

9. Banshee

The banshee is from Irish mythology and are usually seen as female spirits. They were considered to be omens of death and were believed to have come from the “otherworld”. They are generally thought to be remnants of an ancient Celtic pagan religion in which they were minor gods, spirits, or ancestors. In English they are often referred to as fairies. According to legend, banshees will wander around the outside of a house wailing when someone inside is about to die.

10. Griffin or Gryphon

The griffin is normally characterised as a lion with the head and wings of an eagle. It was thought to be a particularly strong creature as the lion is the king of beasts and the eagle is the king of birds. In ancient times it was considered the protector of the divine. The creature was seen in civilizations as early as the Minoan civilization (2700 BC to 1450 BC).

 "The relationship between myth and belief is, a myth exists because we believe."

Fungsi Otak kiri dan Otak Kanan Pada Manusia

Otak manusia adalah struktur lunak yang dilindungi oleh tengkorak yang terbagi menjadi dua bagian, yaitu otak kanan dan otak kiri. Kedua struktur ini sangat kompleks, akan tapi teori moder mengatakan bahwa masing-masing bagian ini berperan untuk berbagai macam jenis pemikiran. Otak merupakan bagian sentral dari  vital pada manusia. Kerusakan pada otak, akan berdampak pada terganggunya aktifitas. Otak, merupakan pusat memory, kognitif, emosi, dan semua jenis perasaan dan kognisi. Kualitas otaklah yang membedakan kualitas individu itu sendiri. Walaupun otak merupakan satu kesatuan yang menyatu, tetapi otak kanan dan otak kiri mempunyai cara kerja dan fungsi yang berbeda.

Berapa Lama Sebaiknya Waktu yang Dihabiskan untuk Tidur Siang?

 Tidur siang memang bisa membuat tubuh dan pikiran kembali segar. Namun, bukan berarti tidur siang bisa mengganti waktu tidur di malam hari. Karena menurut spesialis saraf dan neurologi, Astuti, tidur pada malam hari memiliki proses biologis yang membawa dampak kesehatan.

"Definisi tidur itu, ya malam hari. Kalau tidur siang hanya untuk istirahat saja. Karena ketika tidur di malam hari, tubuh memproduksi hormon yang bisa memperbaiki sel-sel yang rusak, menguatkan fungsi memori dan energi," tuturnya dalam diskusi media bersama PT. Sanofi Indonesia pada Jumat (18/11) di Jakarta.

Waktu tidur siang yang disarankan adalah sekitar 30-45 menit. Jika melebihi waktu tersebut, dikhawatirkan bisa mengganggu jam tidur malam. Hal ini, kata Astuti rentan dialami lansia.

Tidur yang cukup menurutnya adalah 7 jam per hari. Kurang dan lebih dari 7 jam, bisa meningkatkan risiko terkena penyakit kronis seperti diabetes dan jantung.

Sedangkan, waktu terbaik untuk tidur adalah sekitar pukul 20.00 atau 21.00 hingga 04.00 atau 05.00. Bagi sebagian orang, waktu tidur tersebut sulit untuk diterapkan, karena adanya berbagai alasan tertentu seperti pekerjaan misalnya.

''Kalau waktu tidurnya sengaja dipogram, tidak jadi masalah, karena kalau tidak diprogram nanti malah jadi stres yang bisa memicu hormon-hormon yang tidak baik seperti hormon adrenalin. Hormon ini memacu jantung dan menimbulkan rasa berdebar, jika dibiarkan terus bisa menimbulkan penyakit jantung," jelas dokter lulusan Universitas Gajah Mada ini.

Untuk memperoleh manfaat dari tidur, Astuti menganjurkan untuk tidur pada ruangan yang gelap. "Semakin gelap ruangan, maka semakin banyak hormon melatonin (hormon tidur) yang diproduksi, jadi lebih cepat tertidur dan tubuh akan bangun dalam keadaan yang segar dan fit, yang menandakan bahwa tidur tersebut berkualitas."

Vitamin dan Mineral yang Baik untuk Menjaga Kesehatan Mata

Mungkin selama ini kita hanya tahu wortel saja yang memberi vitamin bagi mata dengan kandungan beta karotennya. Rupanya masih banyak vitamin dan mineral lain yang kita butuhkan. Apa saja unsur-unsur yang kita butuhkan untuk kesehatan mata kita :

1. Vitamin C

Vitamin ini dapat menurunkan risiko terjadinya katarak dan memperlambat perkembangan AMD serta hilangnya ketajaman visual. Banyak terdapat dalam jambu biji, jeruk, bayam, pisang, apel, tomat, pepaya, nenas, brokoli, stroberi, paprika, kiwi, dan blewah.

2. Vitamin E

Dapat melindungi sel-sel mata dari kerusakan akibat radikal bebas. Sumber vitamin E antara lain almon, kacang tanah, ubi jalar, bayam, sawi, pepaya, asparagus, paprika.

 

3. Sulfur

Membantu menjaga lensa mata tetap kuat. Bisa diperoleh dari bawang putih dan sayuran keluarga kol.

4. Asam lemak esensial

Membantu memelihara sistem saraf, memberi energi bagi sel-sel dan meningkatkan sistem imun. Omega-3 penting untuk perkembangan visual yang baik dan fungsi retina. Sumber omega-3 misalnya ikan salmon, tuna, kakap, makarel, bilis, sardin, tiram, kedelai dan tahu.

5. Lutein dan Zeaksantin

Sejumlah studi menunjukkan kedua jenis antioksidan yang masuk golongan karotenoid ini mampu mengurangi risiko penyakit mata kronis, termasuk katarak dan AMD. Tak heran jika belakangan lutein dan zeaksantin makin populer sebagai nutrisi penyehat mata. Sumber lutein antara lain cabai atau paprika kuning, mangga, bayam, brokoli, sawi). Zeaksantin dapat diperoleh dari paprika jingga, brokoli, jagung, lettuce, bayam, buah asam, jeruk, dan telur.

 

 

Thanks for reading ^_^

Great Quotes From Albert Einstein

 "The difference between stupidity and genius is that genius has its limits."

"Learn from yesterday, live for today, hope for tomorrow. The important thing is not to stop questioning."

"Insanity: doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results."

LIFT

Lift adalah angkutan transportasi vertikal yang digunakan untuk mengangkut orang atau barang. Lift umumnya digunakan di gedung-gedung bertingkat tinggi, biasanya lebih dari tiga atau empat lantai. Gedung-gedung yang lebih rendah biasanya hanya mempunyai tangga atau eskalator. Lift pada zaman modern mempunyai tombol-tombol yang dapat dipilih penumpangnya sesuai lantai tujuan mereka. Terdapat tiga jenis mesin, yaitu Hidraulic, Traction atau katrol tetap dan Hoist atau katrol ganda, Jenis hoist dapat dibagi lagi menjadi dua bagian, yaitu hoist dorong dan hoist tarik.

Lift pertama diciptakan oleh seorang Amerika bernama Elisha Graves Otis. Alat penemuannya ini didemonstrasikan dalam suatu pameran di Crystal Palace, New York pada tahun 1853. Pada tahun 1880, Lift listrik pertama, dibuat oleh Werner von Siemens. Kemudian tahun 2004, pemasangan lift penumpang tercepat di dunia, di gedung Taipei 101 di Taipei, Taiwan. Kecepatannya adalah 1.010 meter per menit atau 60,6 km per jam saat naik, dan 600 meter per menit atau 36 km per jam saat turun. Dibuat oleh Toshiba, dimulai dari Lt. 5 s/d Lt. 89.